Donald F. Evans

Website Accessibility Best Practices

Title Description
ABBR/ACRONYM Tags If you use abbreviations or acronyms, you need to use these tags to assist screen readers and search engines to better understand your pages.
ACCESSKEY The ACCESSKEY attribute can be used to provide hot keys that will take a person to a link.
ACCESSKEY to Jump to Content The Accesskey is supposed to take the place of a mouse for keyboard only users. However, the way it has been implemented, about all you can do is use the keys to move focus to a link or formfield. Here is a method that lets you move to an anchor inside an H key which will force Jaws to voice the Header text. This is a useful technique when you want to simulate a mouse click.
Ajax and Jaws What do I need to know to use Ajax with the Jaws Screen Reader?
ARIA Required State Using the ARIA REQUIRED STATE to Create Accessible Form Fields?
Distinct Link Text for Images. Using the ALT attribute to create distinct links from images.
Dynamic Select Lists Using a Select List to change Dynamic Content on a page.
FIELDSET & LEGEND Tags The FIELDSET tag is used to group similar form controls together. And the LEGEND is then spoken as a prefix to each form field along with it's LABEL. This is useful when you have several fields with the same name but different meanings. Like a Billing First Name vs. a Shipping First Name. Both have First Name as the LABEL.
FORM Accessiblity Forms require LABELs and some other special coding.
Hiding Text Off the Screen Use this CSS technique to make links distinct and or hide H tags or LABEL tags off the screen out of sight of the visual user, but where Jaws screen reader can find them and read them.
Hiding Flash from a Screen Reader There are times when it is best to hide a flash movie from a screen reader.
H Tags H tags are vital to navigation for the screen reader user. Your pages MUST have h tags. They take the place of skip navigation.
HTML TABLE Tags Data tables need some special markup to make them accessible.
Image Maps How to markup an image map.
Link Text Understanding how Jaws read link text.
Meaningful Alternative Text for Images What makes a good ALT tag?
Moving Focus Dynamic content is easy for a visual user to see when it has changed; but how does a screen reader user know you have used Ajax to dynamically change the content on the page? We do this by moving focus to the newly created content using Javascript focus().
Moving Focus II More on moving focus.
onClick vs onKeyPress When to use onClick vs onKeyPress?
Screen Reader Detection Using Flash There are times when you may want to switch to a alternative view if a screen reader is beign used.
Skip Nav Link How to provide a visually hidden skip nav that is accessible to Screen Readers, magnifiers, and keyboard only users.
Taborder & TABINDEX It is important that the tab order be logical. Using TABINDEX is not always the best method to fix the order, and generally causes more problems then it's worth.
Treeview This presents several ways to create a Treeview, including a Web2.0 example that has been implemented in Firefox and Jaws. It allows the keyboard user to traverse the tree using standard MS keys like left and right arrows.